Sustainability in fashion encompasses several different strategies, all meant to a close a loop in the production of fashion resulting in waste. In the initial stage starting with materials, designers have the option of using materials that are less resource intensive than ordinary fibers, such as cotton and polyester, which generate much water waste. The production of one cotton t-shirt requires 2,700 liters of water. Sustainable raw matter includes renewable fibers, biodegradable fibers, low chemical/low energy fibers, low water use fibers, and vintage and upcycled fibers. As this material is carried into manufacturing, there are a series of industrial operations necessary in refining raw materials into assembled components to be subsequently constructed into consumer products. Methods of sustainability in this cycle include low impact spinning/weaving/knitting and low chemical bleaching and dyeing, such as natural dyes. Designers often focus on using natural dyes to minimize waste, as well as labor justice and employing local artisans. Moving on to distribution, the movement of a product between locations along the supply chain, emerging companies have targeted carbon offsetting, transparent supply chains, and efficient transportation systems and packing. Finally, when fashion products are delivered, consumers now have many options in use to promote sustainability: low energy washes/low laundering and low iron are among a few options. To optimize the lifespan of an item, mending, repairing, rental, and swapping systems have all been proven to be effective. When a product has reached the end of its life, it can be recycled or repurposed for other concerns. Most recently, innovations in the field of fashion sustainability are reassessing traditional practices to find new solutions. For example, new designers are fabricating wearable tech, incorporating biomimicry, and using slow fashion to reduce overall waste.